口译教程基础词汇

口译教程[基础篇]

Education

1.“培养”（人才）怎么译？

“培养”可译做 train, turn out 或 produce,如：

turn out large numbers of skilled workers

have trained...assistant and middle level technicians the college produces very good interpreters.

有时“培养”也译做foster,如：

to foster activists培养积极分子

2.“工作单位”怎么译？

我国出版的英文报刊常把“工作单位”译作“work unit”，unit一词在英语中经常用不 指“部队”；翻译时如能用具体的词，如school, factory, hospital, company等可能更明白易懂。若指为特殊目的成立的机构（如医院，学校，公司等），也可考虑用institution一词代替。原工作单位也可译作 the institution at which one used to work。

3.program一词的意思

program有syllabus（课程提纲）或curriculum（一个学校，专业，或学科的全部课程）的意思，如今也用来表示学校开设的“专业”， 如：We have a MA program in literature/an intercultural communication program，或学校所设的“（训练）部”，如：the un language training program；Mr. Lin is in charge of the Chinese program in our university.

补充一些有关教育的词汇：

project hope 希望工程

the credit system 学分制

a double BA degree system 双学士制

students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 定向招生

key university 重点大学

center for post-doctoral studies 博士后科研流动站

specialty 专业

college/university of science and engineering 理工科大学 normal university；teachers' university 师范大学

polytechnic university 工业大学

agricultural university 农业大学

medical university 医科大学

institute of traditional Chinese medicine 中医学院 Sports

1. 创记录

e.g. had broken or chalked up 495 world records.

也可以说：

produce a total of 495 world records.

set(up)/create/establish/make a new record.

2. 刷新记录

rewrite/renew/better/improve the world/one's own record

3. 其它

e.g. equal/match a record

reach a record

hold/keep the record for...

4. 得冠军，得奖牌的表达方法

e.g. had won 582 world championships

也可以说：

gain world titles/championships

take/capture 6 titles out of a possible 7

sweep all the 7 titles

wrest the championship from...

5. 体育运动中的“实力”，“强项”怎么译？

“实力”可译作“strength””或“power”，如：

Chinese athletes showed their traditional strength in some track and field events.

“实力”也可能形容词“powerful”或“strong”表达，如：

Chinese women basketball players are very powerful/strong.

“强项”可译作“strong game/sport”。

6. “黑马”为什么是“dark”horse？

“黑马”是“dark”而不是“black”horse 这里dark的含义是“不清楚”，“不明朗”，表示对于某人“知道甚少”的意思。

Economy and Reform

1.reform一词的搭配法

reform可以和以下动词连用：

accomplish/effect/initiate/make/start reforms

bring about reforms

carry a reform into effect

advocate/propose/urge reforms

“深化改革”在我国出版的英语报刊上常译成deepen reform.一般说deepen做及物动词时常与knowledge, understanding一类词连用。“深化改革”中的“深化”就是“进一步”的意思，可译成：

intensify the rural reform

further carry out reforms

as the reform further develops/is carried forward/is pushed forward

2.“改革开放”的表达法

“改革开放”可译成the policy of reform and opening up 或the reform and the open policy。切不可与the open-door policy（“门户开放”政策）混淆。“进一步开放”或“门要开得更大”可译成reform and opening up went one step further；further reform and opening up。

“加快改革开放的步伐”可译成accelerate the pace of reform and opening up。

3.“坚持”怎么译？

“坚持”可以译作adhere to, persevere in, persist in, hold on to, stick to, keep to等，如：

adherence to the socialist road, to communist party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zetong thought.

adhering to a coordinated and balanced program of development. persevere in the pursuit of 1 central task and 2 basic points persisting in reform and opening up

hold on to socialism

stick to this attitude

keep to the socialist orientation

adhere to 的意识是“坚持维护，支持”，“信仰坚定”，“忠于”，如：“坚持党的基本路线”可译作 adhere to the party's basic line，“坚持无产阶级国际主义”可译作adhere to proletarian internationalism。

persevere in 和persist in 一般用于行动，都有“在困难或遭到反对的情况下继续”的意思；但persevere in 带褒义，表示“不屈不挠”，而persist in 带贬义，表示“顽固，不听开导”，如：

perseverance means success.

persevere in one's studies/armed struggle

persist in one's errors/asking insulting questions

hold one to 的意思是“抓住不放”，用于beliefs, ideas, principles时表示“坚持信仰”，即使他人影响或情况使人产生怀疑，也不改变或放弃，如： hold on to one's views

stick to 的意思是“粘住，不离”；和choice, decision, principle, belief 等词连用时，也有“不变，不放弃”，“坚持”的意思。

keep to 有“不离”，“不违背”，“遵守”的意思，如：

keep to the main road

keep to prearranged plan

keep to 用于decision，belief，rules时有“坚持”的意思。此外，“坚持”也可译作insist on, keep up, uphold 等。

insist on 多用于意见，主张，表示“硬要”，“坚决要求”，如： we insist on an interview before we accept any ma candidate. she insisted on her innocence.

he insisted on going innocence.

keep up 的意思是“继续”，如：

keep up one's studies/piano practice/the attack/the good work

uphold 的意思 是“支持”，赞同“，可和law, principle, system, practice

连用，表示“坚持”。“我们党坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观”可译作our party upholds dialectical materialism and historical materialism as its world outlook.

工业

1.“达到”怎么译？

“达到”可用reach或amount to，但amount to 表示几个部分相加后得到的总和， …… 此处隐藏：8625字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……