the political system of the USA美国的政治现况简介(英语)

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the political system of the USA美国的政治现况介绍（英语）

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The United States of America is the first country with nuclear weapons, a permanent member of

the United Nations Security Council, and a founding member of NATO. The end of the Cold War

and the dissolution of the Soviet Union left the United States as the sole superpower. The country

accounts for approximately(近似的) 50% of global military spending and is a leading economic,

political, and cultural force in the world.

This essay aims at discussing the spirit of constitutional government by studying American

political system

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The United States of America is the first country with nuclear weapons, a permanent member of

the United Nations Security Council, and a founding member of NATO. The end of the Cold War

and the dissolution of the Soviet Union left the United States as the sole superpower. The country

accounts for approximately(近似的) 50% of global military spending and is a leading economic,

political, and cultural force in the world.

The political system of the United States Began in 1776.

At first it was just a experiment? based on the idea of Equality, Freedom and Justice ,which has

already become our world’s universal value(普世价值) now.

USA is frequently called a democratic government(民主政体).But properly speaking ,it is a

constitutional federal republic (宪政联邦共和制 ). Constitutional means American government is

based on its constitution,which is the supreme law,not only establish the federation?and the state

government’s power structure ,but also confirm the authority of the government. Federal ?is

embodied in that the system of the United States is composed of a national government and fifty

state governments

Republic refer to a political entity that is reigned by a elective government ?

Government and elections

The United States is the world's oldest surviving federation. It is a constitutional republic, "in

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which majority rule is tempered by minority rights protected by law."It is fundamentally

structured as a representative democracy.

The federal government is composed of three branches:

Legislative: The bicameral Congress, made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives,

makes federal law, declares war, approves treaties, has the power of the purse, and has the power

of impeachment, by which it can remove sitting members of the government.

Executive: The president is the commander-in-chief of the military, can veto legislative bills

before they become law, and appoints the Cabinet and other officers, who administer and enforce

federal laws and policies.

Judicial: The Supreme Court and lower federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the

president with Senate approval, interpret laws and can overturn laws they find unconstitutional.

Parties, ideology, and politics

The United States has operated under a two-party system for most of its history. For elective

offices at all levels, state-administered primary elections choose the major party nominees for

subsequent general elections. Since the general election of 1856, the major parties have been the

Democratic Party, founded in 1824, and the Republican Party, founded in 1854. Since the Civil

War, only one third-party presidential candidate—former president Theodore Roosevelt, running

as a Progressive in 1912—has won as much as 20% of the popular vote.

Within American political culture, the Republican Party is considered center-right or

"conservative" and the Democratic Party is considered center-left or "liberal". The states of the

Northeast and West Coast and some of the Great Lakes states, known as "blue states", are

relatively liberal. The "red states" of the South and much of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains

are relatively conservative.

Present situation

The winner of the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama, is the 44th U.S. president

and the first African American to hold the office. All previous presidents were men of solely

European descent. The 2008 elections also saw the Democratic Party strengthen its control of both

the House and the Senate. In the 111th United States Congress, the Senate comprises 57

Democrats, two independents who caucus with the Democrats, and 40 Republicans (one seat

remains in dispute); the House comprises 256 Democrats and 178 Republicans (one seat is

vacant).

Political pisions

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The United States is a federal union of fifty states. The original thirteen states were the successors

of the thirteen colonies that rebelled against British rule. Most of the rest have been carved from

territory obtained through war or purchase by the U.S. government. One set of exceptions

comprises Vermont, Texas, and Hawaii: each was an independent republic before joining the union.

Another set of exceptions comprises those states created out of the territory of the original thirteen.

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