初二英语下册知识点(人教版)(3)

（6）动词过去式和过去分词的变化

规则变化： 1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：

pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed

2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned

3. 以―辅音字母 + y‖结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：

study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied

4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：

stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped

不规则变化：

5. 以不变应万变。如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read

篇三：2014最新版新目标八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳

八年级英语下册知识点

Unit 1. what’s the matter?

一．重点短语归纳

1. foot---feet 脚 <复>tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复>

2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息

8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 10.drink lots of water多喝水

11.lots of ,a lot of, 许多。大量 a lot

a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。： There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground

a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思； Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. That’s a good idea好主意 14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15. feel well感到好feel ill 感到不舒服

I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well我感觉不舒服. 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事

to do 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情

doing是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿

19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴 21. be hungry 饥饿 22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐

24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth 需要做某事

I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医. We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净. 27. too much + 不可数名词太多的…

much too +形/副实在太… 极其，非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…

28.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处 be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对…好

be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长 be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法1.be good for 对......有益

Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。

2.be good at 擅长于......

Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅长于篮球。

= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。be good at = do well in 如：

I'm good at math. = I do well in math.我擅长于数学。3.be good to 对......好

Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 29.get good grades 取得好成绩

30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气

I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。

be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气

31.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 32.balanced diet平衡饮食

33.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired

34.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health

35.He shouldn’t eat anything

=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.

36.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议 advice 是不可数名词

a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议

He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。

49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时， get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠 50.take medicine 吃药 服药

I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。二 固定结构

It’s +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是…的。

It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。

It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的. It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的 三．重点句子

1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？

=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you? I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache

2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…

You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. 3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替 I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的？大约两天前

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5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 这里better是well的比较级

10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。

→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要 四．知识结构

1○

.情态动词should的用法 should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为"应该......"。

should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。 eg. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。

--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。

--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。 2○

maybe与may be1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：

Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个问题。 He maybe is from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：

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