土木工程有限元并行计算应用及其软件架构

中国地震局工程力学研究所

硕士学位论文

土木工程有限元并行计算应用及其软件架构

姓名：陆良刚

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：结构工程

指导教师：金波

2011-06

摘 要

摘 要

有限元法是当今工程分析中使用最广泛的数值计算方法。它的实际应

用是伴随着电子计算机的出现而开始；到20世纪70年代，伴随着计算机科学与技术的快速发展，有限元法在理论、方法的研究、计算机程序的开发以及应用领域的拓展等方面都取得了极大的发展。20世纪90年代以来，随着并行计算机体系结构的成熟以及美国的“High Performance Computing and Communication (HPCC)”和“Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI)”研究计划的相继实施，并行计算得到了快速发展。有限元并行计算的目的是通过使用有限元方法和并行计算技术来求解社会生活中所遇到的越来越复杂的工程问题。

本文将从以下四个方面展开工作：

一、在Windows XP系统上，使用虚拟软件VMware Workstation 6.5.2

虚拟3台Centos 5.2系统的计算机。通过虚拟的计算机构建Beowulf集群，其中主要内容包括：⑴、NFS服务（提供网络文件挂载的功能）；⑵、SSH服务（提供网络远程安全登陆的功能）；⑶、NTP服务（提供结点间的时间同步功能）；⑷、SSH Secure Shell服务（允许从外部网络的windows系统中安全访问Beowulf集群）；⑸、然后在Beowulf集群中安装并测试MPI并行库。

二、在Beowulf集群中安装并测试开源的土木工程有限元并行软件

Adventure的相关模块。具体模块包括ADVENTURE_TriPatch、ADVENTURE_TetMesh、ADVENTURE_IO、ADVENTURE_BCtool、ADVENTURE_Metis、ADVENTURE_Solid及ADVENTURE_Impact。并就相关算例进行了并行计算与分析。

三、使用ADINA对未加固（CFRP）实验模型进行数值模拟。在数值

模拟过程中，首先对实验原型进行描述；然后阐述建模假设；接着根据具体材料进行相应地有限元建模；最后使用单机单核分析的结果与单机双核并行计算的结果进行对比，验证了其并行分析的可行性。

四、系统阐述了土木工程有限元并行软件开发架构。首先从软件工程

的角度讨论了一般软件开发过程的方面。其次讨论了并行软件与串行软件的区别与联系，同时介绍了并行程序设计的类型。然后从项目管理的角度介绍编程风格的一些要点。最后就土木工程有限元软件的特殊性方面阐述了其软件开发的软件架构。

关键词：土木工程；有限元；并行计算；软件架构

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

As a numerical method, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is being used

mostly widely in engineering analysis. With the computer’s being invented, the FEM’s application for large engineering problems becomes feasible. And from the 1970s, accompanied by the fast development of the computer science and technology, the FEM has achieved a great development in its theory, methods of study, computer program and its application. Since 1990, along with the parallel computer architecture’s maturity and the impotant international researches’ having been taken into practice successively, which include “High Performance Computing and Communication (HPCC)” and “Acelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI)”, parallel computing has gained a rapid development. The Parallel Finite Element Computing, of which the purpose is to solve the increasingly complex engineering problems people faced, combined the Finite Element Method and parallel computing technology perfectly.

This paper will mainly discuss the following four parts:

Firstly, using the VMware Workstation 6.5.2, we had created 3 virtual

Centos 5.2 computers in a Windows-XP-Prefessional computer which is a physical PC system. Then we constructed a Beowulf cluster with the 3 virtual computers. The construction of the Beowulf cluster mainly includes the following things:⑴. NFS service (to allow machines mount a disk partition on a remote machine as if it were on a local hard drive);⑵. SSH service (to offer encryption for remote login or remote file transfer);⑶. NTP service (to provide the function of synchronizing the clocks of computers over a network);⑷. SSH Secure Shell (to allow clients to use secure network services over an insecure network)；⑸. Compile, install and test MPI library.

Secondly, in the mentioned cluster above, we will install and test the

modules of the Adventure which is an open-source of parallel Finite Element software in Linux. The modules which will be discussed are as follows: ADVENTURE_TriPatch, ADVENTURE_TetMesh, ADVENTURE_IO, ADVENTURE_BCtool, ADVENTURE_Metis, ADVENTURE_Solid, and ADVENTURE_Impact. After that the related examples about parallel computing and analysis are discussed.

Thirdly, using the software of ADINA, the unreinforced CFRP (Carbon

Fiber Reinforced Plastic) experiment is modeled and simulated. The first step is to describe the prototype of the experiment. Then we draw the hypothesis according to the experiment’s purpose and model the finite-elemented prototype. In the end, comparing with the Single-core sequential computing, Dual-core parallel computing is employed to analysis the results. And of course, it demonstrates the feasibility of the parallel computing analysis.

中国地震局工程力学研究所硕士学位论文

Fourthly, the architecture of the Parallel Finite Element software is

introduced comprehensively. From the aspect of the software engineering, the software development process is introduced firstly. And then the relationship between parallel software and sequential software are also compared with each other; at the same time, the types of parallel programming are described. After that, the programming style is emphasized from the aspect of the project management. As is the last but most important point, the architecture of the Parallel Finite Element software in Civil Engineering is sketched in the end.

Key words: Civil Engineering, Finite Element, Parallel Computing, Software

Architecture

独 创 性 声 明

本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师金波的指导下，独

立进行研究所取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的科研成果，也不包含为获得中国地震局工程力学研究所或其它教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。对本文的研究作出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标 …… 此处隐藏：12285字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……