高中英语动词时态

英语高考专题复习 动词时态和语态

一、概说：英语一共有十六个时态（8种基本时态 +8种合成时态）各个时态的构成法归纳

如下:（以”write”为例）

二、考点聚焦

1、动词时态考查要点简述

（1）一般现在时考点分析

①表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理谚语格言等（不受时态限制）

The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

Water boils at 100oC. He said that the earth turns round the sun.

Actions speak louder than words.

②表示经常发生、习惯性的动作,与 every day, usually, once a week 等时间状语连用。

He goes to school on foot everyday.

We always care for each other and help each other.

③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、

taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：

I know what you mean.

Smith owns a car and a house.

All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.

④在when 引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来

时。注意，此时，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态表示将来。但要注意由if 引导的

条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。

(if 在此表示“是否”，而不是引导条件

状语从句，表示“如果”) 意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、

close、end、stop，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的

动作。

The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.

Tomorrow is Wednesday.

（2）一般过去时的考点分析。

①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：

I met her in the street yesterday.

I once saw the famous star here.

They never drank wine. 表达过去的习惯

I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn’t.

② 表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when,

as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。

The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.

He bought a watch but lost it.

③常用一般过去时的句型：

Why didn’t you --- I didn’t notice it.

I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.

I didn’t recognize him.

（3）一般将来时考点分析。

一般将来时的6种表达形式

(1) 将要发生的动作或状况，也可表示“预见”（带有说话人的主

观态度和看法）。

Will you be busy tonight?

You will feel better after taking this medicine.

(2) 有两种意义， 一是表示“意图”，即打算在将来做某事；二是表示“预

见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生某种情况。

The wall is going to be painted soon.

George is putting on weight. He s going to be quite fat.

Look at the dark clouds over there. It s going to rain.

注：“will + v.” 和 “be going to + v.” 均可表示意图， “be going to + v.” 表示的意图是

事先 经过考虑的，而 “will + v.” 所表示的意图则是说话时临时想到的。

e.g. A: You left the light on for the whole night .

B: Oh, did I? I will go and turn it off now.

e.g. A: Why are you taking down all the pictures?

B: I m going to repair the house.

(3) “某些瞬间动词特别是趋向动词用现在进行时刻表示按计划、安排即将

发生的动作，如：go, come, leave, begin, start, get, reach, arrive, return, meet, etc.

We re moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.

She is spending her winter vacation in Australia this year.

(4) 有两种含义：一是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常可与“be+

v.-ing” 交换使用， “be to + 动词原形”较正式; 二是表示义务、应该（相当于should)。★ 可

用于if 条件句表示打算、想要。

I am to have tea with Betty this afternoon.

You re to answer for what you ve done.

Tell her she s not to be back late.

★ If you are to succeed, you d better work hard.

(5)既定的时间如生日、日历、课时安排、交通时刻表等，通常用一般现在时表示将来

的动作。

The plane takes off at 5:30 a.m.

The new school year begins on September 1.

(6) 表示正要、马上做某事，这种结构的将来时不与表示将来

的时间状语连用。

Take your seat. The meeting is about to begin.

I was about to go to bed when someone knocked at the door.

★ “will+动词原形” 有时还可以表示一种倾向性或惯性的动作。

Oil will float on water.

This machine won’t work.

(won 可以用来表示“不能，没法”，表示主体不具有某种功能)

What s the matter with the pen? The ink won’t come out.

Whenever he has time, he will come and see us.

（4）现在进行时考点分析 （主语﹢be ﹢现在分词）

现在进行时的用法注意点:

(1)现在进行时与一般现在时的用法比较。现在进行时既可表示现在时刻正在进行的动

作，也可表示现阶段一直进行的动作（说话时不一定正在进行）， 强调动作的暂时性和未

完成性—短暂的事实；而一般现在时强调动作的长久性或反复性。

He works in a chemical factory. (长久性工作）

He is working in a chemical factory these days. (临时性工作)

I don t work here, I m just helping until the secretary comes back.

(2) 现在进行时与always, constantly, continually, all the time, all along, 等频度状语

连用，对现阶段经常发生的动作表示某种感情色彩，如赞叹、惊讶、厌烦、不满等。

She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay me back.

You are continually finding faults with me.

(3) 现在进行时用于时间或条件状语从句中，可代替将来进行时.

When you are talking with him, take care not to mention this.

I ll think about it while you re writing the report.

If you are standing at the corner, I ll give you a lift into town.

(4) 现在进行时表示委婉口气，常与hope, wonder 等连用。

I m hoping that you ll give me some advice.

I m wondering if I may have a word with you.

注意：下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。（A）表示心理状态、情 …… 此处隐藏：19569字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……