计算机科学导论 (全英版)课后问答

CHAPTER1

1. Explain the five parts of an information system.What part do people play in this system?

An information system has five parts: people, procedures, software, hardware and data.

People: Are end users who use computer to make themselves more productive.

Procedures: Specify rules or guidelines for computer operations.

Software: Provides step-by-step instructions for computer hardware.

Hardware: Processes the data to create information.

Data: Consist of unprocessed facts including text, numbers, image and sounds.

People are the most important part of any information system.

2. What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software?

System software helps the computer manage its own internal resources. It includes three kinds

of programs: operating systems, utilities and device drivers programs.

3. Define and compare basic and specialized application software. Describe some different

types of basic application software. Describe some types of specialized applications.

Basic applications are the kinds of programs to be considered computer competent.

Specialized applications are more narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations.

Basic applications have some types, such as browser, word processor, spreadsheet ,and so on.

Also specialized applications have many types, some of the best known are graphics, audio

and video, multimedia, Web authoring ,and artificial intelligence programs.

4. Describe the different types of computer. What is the most common type? What are the

types of microcomputers?

There are four types of computers: supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers,

and microcomputers.

Supercomputers are the most powerful type of computer.

Mainframe computers occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms, they are capable of

great processing speeds and data storage.

Minicomputers are refrigerator sized machines.

Microcomputers are the least powerful, yet the most widely used and fastest-growing, type of

computer.

Microcomputers are the most common type of computers.

There are four types of microcomputers: Desktop computers, Notebook computers, Handheld

computers and PDA.

5. What is connectivity? How are the wireless revolution and connectivity related? What is

a computer network? What is the Internet? What is the Web?

Connectivity is the capability of you microcomputer to share the information with other

computers.

Wireless revolution dramatically affect connectivity.

A computer network is a communications system connecting two or more computers.

Internet is the largest network in the world.

The Web provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources available on the Internet.

CHAPTER2

1. Discuss the uses of the Internet. Which activities have you participated in? Which one do

you think is the most popular?

The most common uses of the Internet are the following: communicating, shopping, searching,

entertainment, education, and so on. I have participated in almost all of them. I think

communicating is the most popular.

2. Explain the differences between the two most common types of providers.

The two most common types of providers are National and wireless.

National service providers provide access through standard telephone connections.

Wireless service providers provide Internet connections for computers with wireless modems

and a wide array of wireless devices.

3. What are the basic elements of an e-mail message?

A typical e-mail message has three basic elements: header, message and signature.

4. What is social networking ? Describe the three types if social networking sites.

Social networking is the grouping of individuals into specific groups. There are three basic

categories of social networking sites: reuniting, friend-of-a-friend and common interest

Reuniting sites are designed to connect people who have known one another but have lost

touch.

Friend-of-a-friend sites are designed to bring together two people who do not know one another

but share a common friend.

Common interest sites bring together individuals that share common interests or hobbies.

5. Describe the different types of search engines. Given an example of the type of search

each engine is best for.

There are three types of search engines: crawler-based search engines, metasearch engines and

specialized search engines

Crawler-based search engines, such as Google, create their listings automatically.

Metasearch engines are programs that automatically submit your search request to several

engines simultaneously. The metasearch engines receives the results, eliminates duplicates,

orders the hits, and then provides the edited list to you .one of the best known is Dogpile.

Specialized search engines focus on subject-specific Web sites. such as Environment.

CHAPTER3

1. Explain the difference between general-purpose and special-purpose applications.

General-purpose application are widely used in nearly every discipline and occupation. They

include word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems and presentation

graphics.

Specialized application includes thousands of other programs that are more narrowly focused

on specific disciplines and occupations.

2. Discuss the common features of most software programs. Describe the new interface to

what-if analysis?

Most applications use a GUI, use windows to display i …… 此处隐藏：25527字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……