高三英语语法复习课件-状语从句

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定义：

在复合句中由从句表示的状语 称作状语从句，它可以用来修 饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、 定语或状语，或是整个句子。

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准确掌握每一个连词的含义 是掌握状语从句的关键。

同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。

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状语从句一般分为九大类 状语从句类别: 时间状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 方式状语从句 让步状语从句 地点状语从句 目的状语从句 条件状语从句 比较状语从句

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1. 时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, before, after, since , till, until, as soon as…,whenever

特殊引导词：1) each time; every time; the day; the first time… by the time; 2) 一… 就 directly, immediately the moment; the minute no sooner… than; hardly…when; scarcely… when On doing Once

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I.注意 when, while, as 的区别

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1. When ---当……时候, 通常指某一特 定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发 生或从句动作先于主句动作。When I opened the window, I saw him come up.

When I have time , I will go to see you.When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons. (=after)

*注意1:在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句 用一般现在时。

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注意2:When --- 正在……的时候，突然… 1) be doing… when…I was walking along the street , when I met him.

2) be about to do… when…I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.

3) be on the point of doing… whenI was on the point of falling asleep when my sister came in.

注意3:When 当从句是进行时，主句是 一般时，往往表示不满。Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast. When I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.

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2.While ---在……期间，往往指一段时间， 相当于“during the time that…”。While we were in America, we saw him twice.

Strike while the iron is hot.While we were talking, he came in. We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.

注意：I like watching TV while he likes reading.While 还可做并列连接词，表示相对关系“然而”

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3.As --- 1) 随着As she grew older, she became more beautiful.

2)当……时，指一个动作紧接着一个动 作发生，从句通常用进行时。As I was going out, it began to rain.

3)一边……一边He hurried home, looking behind as he went.

注意：As a boy, he was hopeless at maths.介词(作为)

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注意：当when, as, while表示“在…一 段时间里”,主从句的动作同时发生 时，可以换用。如： While (When或As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came in.

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II. Before1.在……之前The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.

2. …才…; …就… (It … before…)It was not long before I forgot it all.(强调主句所表达的时间，距离长或短；或所费力气大

或小)

3. 还没来得及…就…; …免得…He died before he wrote a will. Leave me before I change my mind.

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III. until/till --- 直到……才He waited until it was 10 o’clock.

He won’t go to bed until she returns.He didn’t come until he had gone over his lesson. 注意1:until从句中可用完成时强调动作的完成和结束。 注意2:until的3种句型

He won’t go to bed until she returns. =Not until she returns will he go to bed. =It was not until she returns that he will go to bed.

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IV. Since ---自从……, 通常主句用现在完成时I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.

注意1:It …一段时间…since…(时间一律从动作 的完成时算起) It is two years since he smoked. 他戒烟两年了。 It is two years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟已有两年了。 注意2:since也可引导原因状语从句

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V. Every time, Each time 每次; whenever 每当; The first time 第一次…

Each time he came to town, he would visit our school. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. The first time I came to Hangzhou, I was attracted by the beautiful scenery.

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VI. 一… 就 1) directly, immediately 2) the moment; the minute 3) no sooner… than; hardly…when; scarcely… when 4) Once 5) On doing