外研版Module_4_Seeing_the_doctor_Unit_3课件

4Unit 3 Language in use.

Teaching aims To summarise and consolidate the use of the present perfect tense together with since and for To be able to understand learning materials on health To be able to carry out a survey on healthy living with the help of others

I haven’t done much exercise since I got

my computer last year. I have had him for three months now.

Since then, it has become part of my life.

Grammar现在完成时(三)当表示动作已经充成并对现在有一定影响 时，我们一般用现在充成时。同时，可分 别 用just, already或yet加以强调或说明。 其结构也是： have / has +动词的过去分词. 常用的时间状语有: already, just, 一般置于have/has 之后，用 于肯定句中；在否定句中则要用yet 表示 “还，未”。

for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较 大： (1)for后须接“时间段” He has studied English for five years. 他学英语5年了。 (2)since后须接“时间点” He has studied English since 1999. 他从1999年开始学英语。

(3)二者可以转换 for + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago He has been here for five weeks. = He has been here since five weeks ago. 他到这儿已经有五个星期了。

(4) since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完 成时，从句用一般过去时),而for则不能。

如：He has taught here since he came to China.

自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。We have been friends since we met in school. 我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。

(5)现在完成时常用句型： ①It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或 从句 It is four days since last Friday. 从上周五到现在已经四天了。 It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing. 吉姆来北京已经两年了。

②This is the first (second…) time that + 从句 句型中的that从句通常使用现在完成时。 如： This is the first time that Jenny and Danny have been to China. 这是珍妮和丹妮第一次来屮国。 This is the third time that I have seen Karen. 这是我第三次见到Karen。

(6)均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延 续性动词的否定式连用。

如:I have bought this computer since four years

ago. (×)I have had this computer since four years ago. (√)

I haven’t bought anything for two months.(√ )I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. (√)

非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换leave — be away

borrow — keepbuy — have

begin/start — be ondie — be dead

finish --- be overopen sth — keep sth open

fall ill — be ill

get up—be up, come here — be here,

join — be on +组织机构/be a member of + 组织机构, go there — be there, become — be, come back—be back,

fall asleep — be asleep,

get to/ arrive/reach — be (in),

leave — be away from,get to know — know,

go (get) out

—tie out,put on—wear,

catch a cold —have a cold,get married—be married 等。

例如： The old man died 4 years ago.

— The old man has been dead for 4 years. It is 4 years since the old man died.

—Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago.

—He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago.

—I have had the book for 5 days.

(7)二者引出的时间状语往往用 how long提问。 —How long have you had this book? 这本书你买多久了? —For a week./Since a week ago. 买一周了。

1. Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.—How long have you had your bike? —I’ve had it for about two years. 1.How long have you studied at this school? 2.How long have you studied English? 3.How long have you known your best friend? 4. How long have you lived in this place 5. How long have you used this book?