Essence of Education翻译译文

研究生基础综合英语Essence of Education翻译译文

Essence of Education教育的本质

Robery W. Tracinki

1. The essence of education is the teaching of facts and reasoning

skills to our children, so that they learn to think.

教育的本质是向我们的孩子们教授事实和推理的技能，让他们学会思考。 getting him in touch with the facts of history, mathematics or

geography.然而几乎一个世纪以来，我们的学校都在受到一种将感受凌驾于事实之上的教育方法的攻击。在进步教育的影响下——让学生了解历史事实、数学或地理都不如感觉重要。

Note:

elevate v. to make more important or to improve

e.g. They want to elevate the status of teachers.

3. "Creative spelling"-- in which students are encouraged to

spell words in whatever way they feel is correct - is more important than the rules of language. Urging children to "feel good" about themselves is more important than ensuring that they acquire the

knowledge necessary for living successfully.“创造性的拼写”——鼓

研究生基础综合英语Essence of Education翻译译文

励学生以任何他们感觉正确的方式拼写单词—这比语言规则更加重要。鼓励孩子们对自己“感觉良好”比确保他们获得顺利生活所必需的知识更为重要。

4. This emotion-centered, anti-reason assault on education has Kansas from the state's official science standards. Several other states have

entire science of biology.这种以情绪为中心、反对理性的对教育的攻击已经找到了新的同盟军：那些相信圣经上文学词汇的人。堪萨斯州教育理事会刚刚推翻了该州官方科学标准中的进化论。几个其他的州已经颁布了相似的反对进化政策，从而将宗教原教旨的感受凌驾于整个生物科学所累积的证据之上。

Note:

Ally n. a person or organization that cooperates with or helps

another in a particular activity.

Excise v. to remove as if by cutting

e.g. The official censors have excised the controversial sections of

the report. 5. These policies do not actually ban the teaching of evolution, the teaching of “Creationism” ----biblical claim

研究生基础综合英语Essence of Education翻译译文

that the Earth and all life on it were created in six days. They simply drop evolution from the required curriculum. The goal of the religious activities is to keep students ignorant of the theory of

evolution, or to encourage the teaching of evolution and Creationism side-by-side, as two "competing" theories.这些政策实际上并不禁止教授进化论，他们也不命令教授特创论——圣经上说地球及其上的所有生命是在六天中被创造出来的。他们只是在必修课程中排除了进化论。宗教活动的目的是令学生对进化论的原理保持无知，或者是鼓励同时教授进化论和特创论，把他们作为两个相互竞争的理论。

命令解除公立学校中的种族隔离Note:

Mandate v. To make mandatory, as by law; decree or require:

批准：制订一个训令，如通过法律；发布命令或要求：

e.g. mandated desegregation of public schools.

命令解除公立学校中的种族隔离

.g. Our delegates have been mandated to vote against the proposal

at the conference.

n. A command or an authorization given by a political

electorate to its representative.

授权：某政治代表机构给它的代表发出的命令或委任

e.g. The President had a clear mandate to end the war.

总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。

e.g. After protracted consideration the national government had

研究生基础综合英语Essence of Education翻译译文

decided to ask a mandate from the people.

国家政府经过长期考虑后, 决定征求民意。

6. Consider what this latter would mean in the classroom. On the one side, teachers would present the theory of evolution, supported by countless observations, all integrated into a

comprehensive explanation of virtually every fact in its field.考虑一下后一种做法在课堂上意味这什么吧。一方面，教师将呈现进化论的原理，一个被无数观察者所支持，整合了对领域内每一个方面解释的综合理论。

Note：

would-be: wanting or trying to be 想要成为，自称自诩。 e.g. Hollywood was full of would-be starlets.

译文：特创论信奉者的观点只是自诩为权威的人的断言，即一部古老

的宗教文本揭示了10,000年以前，上帝在六天内创造了世界。

8. Some of these religious activists claim that they reject the teaching of evolution because it is "unproven," since it lacks

研究生基础综合英语Essence of Education翻译译文

"sufficient evidence."一些宗教激进分子宣称他们反对教授进化论，因为它“未经证明”，由于它缺乏“充分的证据”

9. Yet their arguments systematically reject the need for proof and evidence. Scientists can point to a billion-year-long fossil record of continuous changes across a11 species as they develop from more-primitive to present-day forms. They can point to the natural variations among members of a species, variations that change from one climate to another as species adapt to their environment. But the

证据的需要。科学家们能够指出一百万年以来的化石记录，它记载了所有物种从原始形态发展到今天的形态的持续变化。他们能够指出在中物种成员之间的自然变异，这些为适应环境、随气候的变化而发生的变异。但是特创论的信奉者明确的拒绝这样的证据，因为它与圣经教义相悖。

Note:

Categorically adv. 绝对地, 明确地,

e.g. One interesting fact is that even people who state categorically

they do not believe in mind over matter have themselves been cured by using a placebo.

有趣的是，即使那些明确宣称根本就不相信意识支配物质

研究生基础综合英语Essence of Education翻译译文

的人自己也采用过安慰剂并得到康复。

dogma n. An authoritative principle, belief, or statement of ideas

or opinion, especially one considered to be absolutely true. 信条：有权威的原理、信仰或观念意见的陈述，尤指人们认为绝对正确

e.g. “The dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate to the

stormy present”(Abraham Lincoln)

“平静的过去时代的那些信条，不适用于暴风骤雨式的现代社会了”(亚伯拉罕·林肯)

e.g. This is a action born of dogma rather than …… 此处隐藏：10554字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……