多点温度检测系统

硕士学位论文

英语语言文学

朱晓玲

南京师范大学

A Qualitative Research on Face in Sino-USBusiness

Interaction

By Zh u Xiaoling

Under the Supervision

Of Prof, Xin Bin

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for MA Degree

Presented to

School of Foreign Languages and Cultures

Nanjing Normal University

April, 2010

Table of Contents

Abstract in Chinese ...................................................................................1

Abstract in English . ............................................................................2

Chapter One Introduction…………….......................................................1

1.1 Background of the thesis…………………………………..................2

1.2 Significance of the thesis......................................................................3

13 Purpose of the thesis..............................................................................4

1.4 0rganization of the thesis......................................................................5

Chapter Two Literature Review .................................................................5

2.1 Theories related to business interaction ...............................................5

2.1.1 Introduction to business interactiom.................................. 5

2.1.2 Principles of business interaction………………......................5

2.1.3 General impact of culture on business interaction ....................7

2.2 Theories related to politeness approach to face....................................8

2.2.1 Introduction to politeness approach to face.............................. 8

2.2.2 Goffman's face theory............................................................... 9

2.2.3 Brown and Levinson's politeness theory..,..............................10

2.2.4 Ting-Toomey's face- negotiation theory..................................11

2.3 Theories related to to emic approach to face......................................12

2.3. 1 Introduction to emic approach to face .............................12

2.3.2 Face practices in emic approach to face ......... ........12

2.4 summary..............................................................................................14

Chapter Three Methodology ....................................................................16

3.1 Introduction........................................................................................16

3.2 Qualitative research method...............................................................16

3.3 Data collection....................................................................................17

3.3.1 Interview quest:ions.................................................................17

3.3.2 Respondents selection .…...…………………........................18

3.3.3 Duration of the study.............................................................. 22

Chapter Four Results and analyses of the interview.................................24

4.2 Attitudes towards face in Sino-US business interaction.....................25

4.2.1 Chinese attitudes towards American view of face,.................25

4.2.2. American attitudes towards Chinese view of face,...................29

4.3.1 Giving face in business between Chinese and Americans..... 33

4.3.2 Protecting face in business between Chinese and Ameri..........36

4.3.3 Losing face in business between Chinese and Americans........ 39

4.3.4 Not considering face in business between Chinese and

Americans ..........................................................................................45

4.4 summary.............................................................................................47

Chapter Fwe Conclusion..........................................................................49

5.5 Plans for future research.................................................................... 53

Bibliography.............................................................................................54

Appendix..................................................................................................59

Acknowledgements..................................................................................61

摘要

面子是中国几千年传统文化中的一个重要方面，它象征着个人的社会地位，威望和自尊。即使在现代社会，面子在社会环境中的应用也是十分的广泛。中国人的面子观无处不在，其复杂性对于美国人来说，是一个难以跨越的文化鸿沟。但是近年来，中国已经成为美国最重要的贸易伙伴之一，因此美国商务人士必须要深入的洞察和理解中国商人的面子观念，这对于中美商务交往是至关重要的。 回顾面子理论的文献资料，通过比较戈夫曼的面子理论，布朗和列文森的礼貌原则，廷图梅的面子磋商理论，以及中国学者有关面子的论述，笔者发现多年的研究成果虽然充分，但是几乎所有的重要文献都是从学者的角度，或者说是从观察者的角度来探讨面子对于商务交往的意义和影响的，缺少一个系统又科学的方法且从参与者的角度来研究面子是如何具体在中国与美国商务人士的交往中发挥作用的。

鉴于此，本文采取了定性分析研究的方法来论述中美商务交往活动中面子的作用，在生动的例子和真实的叙述的基础上，旨在促进中美商务活动在友好的氛围中更加高效的进行。研究中数据和结果的采集是通过面对面的个人采访的方式获得的。被访者是从全球100强企业百思买旗下的中国分公司五星电器里选取的，分别来自美国相中国的员工发表了他们对于面子与商务交往之间关系的观点并提供了

例证。

关于此项分析研究的结果，值得一提的是，随着全球化进程的加快，日益频繁的和美国商人的接触，使得中国商人不再像以前那样执着于面子本身，而美国商人，由于对于中国传统文化的逐渐了解，也越来越多的开始注重满足中国商人的面子需求。

关键词：面子；中美商务交往；定性分析

Abstract

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