职称英语教材-卫生类15篇完形填空及参考译文

职称英语教材-卫生类15篇完形填空及参考译文

职称英语教材-卫生类15篇完形填空及参考译文

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1 Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found

The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their Two million people die of it. The disease has with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.

Current treatments take at least six months. People have to a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop they feel better. Doing that can to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients . It would also mean infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.

The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.

The World Health Organization the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make they continue treatment.

Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. 2 Influenza （新增）

Influenza has been with us a long time. According some Greek writers on medical history, the outbreak of 412 B.C. was of influenza. The same has been suggested of the sickness that swept through the Greek army Syracuse in 395 B.C. Flu is a disease that moves most quickly among people in crowded conditions, hence, it is likely to attack armies.

During the nineteenth century there were five widespread of influenza. The last of

职称英语教材-卫生类15篇完形填空及参考译文

the five in 1889 and marked the beginning of the story of influenza in our time. Like the recent outbreak, started in Asia.

For more than forty years before that outbreak, influenza had steadily and was believed to be dying out. A new group of outbreaks was introduced by the great outbreak of 1889-1890 and for the next quarter of a century flu a constant threat.

In April 918 flu broke among American troops stationed in France. It quickly spread through all the armies but caused relatively deaths. Four months later, , a second outbreak started which proved to be a killer. It killed not only the old and already sick but also young adults. It went through every country in the world, only a few distant islands in the South Atlantic and the Pacific remaining It brought the life of whole countries, food supplies stopped and work loss was very great. Before the great outbreak ended, it at least 15 million people. Thereafter there have been several great outbreaks throughout the world. It is thusthat influenza is a terrible infection that we have to pay more attention to.

3 One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live

It’s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it—one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?

in reality, of course, it was naive to that everyone would let of such a potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have vials. the last “official” stocks of lice virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia, no obvious gain.

Now American researchers have an animal model of the human disease, opening the for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So one again there’s a good reason to the virus—just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.

How do we_ with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Keep the virusinternational auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that’s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everything. But it doesn’t the idea is wrong. If the virus useful, then let’s make it the servant of all humanity—not just a part of it.

4 Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers

职称英语教材-卫生类15篇完形填空及参考译文

Diet is second only to tobacco as a leading of cancer and, along with alcohol, is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease researcher said on Tuesday.

Dr. Tim Key, of the University of Oxford, told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to ,but they know that diet, alcohol and obesity . a major role.

“Five percent of cancers could be avoided nobody was obese,” he said.

While tobacco is blinked to about 30 of cancer cases, diet is involved in an estimated 25 percent and alcohol about six percent.

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