新目标英语初中语法：现在完成时态

现在完成时态 present perfect

时态 (tense)不同时间发生的动作， 动词要用不同形式。已学习过的时态

已学习过的时态名称 一般现在时 一般过去时 时间 平时，经常 过去(与现 在无关) 即将，计划 正在进行 过去某一时 间，在进行 过去延续到 现在还持续 动动词形式 1.v原形 2.v+s/es(三单现) 1.v. 2.v+s/es(三单现) am/is/are+v-ing 1.v-ed(规则动词) 2.不规则动词 1.will/shall+v原形 1.will/shall+v. 2.am/is/are going to +v原形 2.am/is/are going to +v. am/is/are+v-ing 1.v-ed(规则动词) was/were+v-ing 2.不规则动词 s/were+v-in have/has been v-ing

一般将来时现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成进 行时

判断下列句子的时态1.She works in a factory. 一般现在时 2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday. 过去进行时

一般将来时 4.They held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you helping your mother ? 6.I have been sitting here for an hour. 一般过去时 现在进行时

现在完成进行时

moved here in 2004 have breakfast

现在完成时I still hungry I’m notlive here nowpast now

1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 和already,never,ever,just,before,yet等状语 ( 连用。 have just had my breakfast.现在我不饿) I 2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态， 常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。

I have lived here for three years. I have lived here since 2004/three years ago.

动词构成：have/has+v过去分词

现在完成时动词构成 have /has+v 过去分词haven 否定 ’t hasn’ Have you…? t 疑问 Has he…?

助动词

翻译. ( English ===>Chinese)1.翻译这两句话； finish, 2.第一句变成否定句； 3.第二句变成一般疑问句并回答。 homework

I haven’t have finished my homework. He he Hashas finished his homework. ? Yes,he has.No ,he hasn’t.

have(has)been和 have(has)gone 的区别have(has)been: 表示曾经到过某地，人现在不在某地。 have(has)gone: 表示已经去过某地了，人现在在去某地的路上或 已经在某地了。 翻译： Where has he been?他去哪儿的？(他已经回来了)

Where has he gone?他去哪儿了？(他不在这里)

练：

She has been to Shanghai. She has gone to Shanghai.

Chinese==>English 1. 她成为一名护士已经三年了。 She has been a nurse for three years.

2. 我五年前就认识李雷了。know, knew ,known I have known Lilei since five years ago.3. 那些相片我已经寄给他了。(post) I have already posted the photos to him. 4. 我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。 teach,taught,taught He has taught me since I came to the school. lose,lost,lost 5. 我刚丢了我的历史书。 I have just lost my history book.

Pay attention 注意1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语 A.表示从过去一直持续

到现在,不能是具体过去时间

B.just,already,yet,before/ ever,never ( 1).for+表示一段时间的短语 有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续. ( 2).since+表示过去时间点的词语 ( 3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句 ever eg.Have you _____been to Japan?

for I eg.I have been a teacher ______ a year. have _____ finished my homework. just already I have finished my this school _______ He has been at homework ______. since yet I 1992. haven’t finished my homework ____. We have learned 1,000 English words _______ we came to this school. since

2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词. 表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能 和一段时间连用.短暂性的动词如：come,go,join, leave,buy等，在完成时态中不能与for,since短语或 How long等引起的时间状语连用。

I have bought this pen for two months. I have had this pen for two months. How long have you _____ this pen. had

The teacher has left.

(be away)

The teacher has been away for half an hour .

改错How long have you become a league member? been For more than one year. Have you arrived here since last night? been Yes,you’re right. He has gone to Shanghai twice. been How long have been at this school? Since two years. ago For

Homework: 改写句子改写句子1.My father came back from the bookshop just now. has returned from My father ______ just ________ ______ the book shop. 2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001. has _______ He _____ learned Chinese since 2001. 3.The film began two minutes ago. has been on The film _____ ______ ______ since two minutes ago. 4.He has had the motorbike for two years. since It’s two years ______hebought ________ the motorbike. bought ago He ________ the motorbike two years ______. Two years ______ ______ since he bought the motor ______ has passed bike

Thank you Bye-bye!

思考：现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别